DIN 580 eyebolts are among the most widely used lifting points in engineering and metal-processing industries. They are extensively used to lift motors, compressors and industrial equipment. In this article, we discuss why this common eyebolt may not always be the safest to use when the weight of the component to be lifted increases substantially.

The eye in a standard eyebolt is directly connected to the thread and cannot align itself with the direction of pull. This presents a problem with laterally mounted lashing points or in multi-leg applications. If the eye is loaded outside its plane during lifting, the DIN 580 eyebolt will rotate in the direction of the force. This can lead to either loosening or overtightening, increasing the risk of the bolt bending or breaking. Such failures can result in the load falling, potentially damaging the crane, jib, and chain slings and endangering operators. Therefore, in such situations, it is crucial to consider alternatives to traditional eyebolts.

Overcoming the Weak Point in Lifting and Lashing

Most countries lack awareness regarding the importance of lifting, lashing points and load securing systems. While manufacturers and operators rightly prioritise the performance and reliability of crane systems and chain slings, lifting points are often overlooked. High-quality lifting points with defined Working Load Limits (WLL) and certifications are often the exception rather than the rule. Instead, users frequently assume that standardised eyebolts are reliable for lifting high-quality machines and components.

Minimising Safety Risks with RUD Lifting Points

RUD has been a pioneer in developing and manufacturing lifting points that rotate in the direction of the load. With RUD eyebolts, the 360-degree adjustable eye automatically aligns itself with the direction of force as soon as it is loaded during lifting. This significantly mitigates most risk factors associated with eyebolt use in lifting.

However, safety is not limited solely to the eye's rotation. Although most eyebolts operate on the same principle, they are not all equal. The difference lies in manufacturing quality and operation. RUD lifting points are produced to the highest manufacturing standards and can vary in operation; some require tools, while others can be attached with a pre-assembled wrench.

The RUD VRS-F-Starpoint: Enhanced Safety and Convenience

The RUD VRS-F-Starpoint is designed for easy attachment, making it simple and safe for any operation. Its star profile wrench, which serves as an Allen key replacement, is permanently attached to the eye. This provides convenience even during repeated assembly and disassembly. If the bolt remains permanently on the VRS-F, a cranked socket wrench can be used for a single tightening. 

The VRS series is available with WLL from 0.1 to 20 tonnes and in thread sizes M6 to M64. It offers significantly higher load capacities than other bolts of the same thread size. This is partly due to its increased load capacity, which allows safe lifting of up to several times the required WLL during vertical lifting operations (0 to 7 degrees). The VRS-F can even be mounted on small contact surfaces or in locations that are challenging due to other components, like hydraulic hoses and other attachments.

Tested and Certified Safety

In addition to robustness and flexibility, the VRS-F Starpoint is extremely durable. It is tested for 20,000 load cycles at 1.5 times overload, is 100 percent crack-tested, and offers four-fold safety against breakage. In Europe, the DGUV (German Legal Accident Insurance) seal confirms the component complies with international safety requirements.

Digitally Ready for the Future

RUD constantly innovates to future-proof its products. The VRS-F Starpoint comes with an RFID transponder as standard. Every RUD product with RFID can be read through the "BUDDYtron" smartphone app or NFC. Users can instantly identify components and access product-specific information such as user instructions and technical data sheets. This simplifies and enables faster planning and execution of lifting operations. Through the lifting accessories and lashing points check function, users can determine whether a component is suitable for any specific lifting operation. Additionally, they can click a picture and email images directly to RUD to get answers to general questions.

From material selection and design to integration of digital solutions, RUD VRS-F Starpoint eyebolts offer a high-quality and flexible solution for greater safety and efficiency in everyday lifting operations.

For more detailed information on RUD lifting and lashing points, visit our Lifting & Lashing, ICE-120 Chains and the VRS-F Starpoint pages.

Original Article: Kuhn Fachmedien Mechanical Engineering & Metalworking Edition. Translated from German and rewritten in English for Australia.

Copyright to RUD: This information is accurate at the time of publication, and RUD Australia takes no responsibility for any errors, inadvertent or otherwise.

Part 2 of the 2-part article. Click here to read Part 1.

Risk Analysis: A Crucial Step for Integrated and Attachable Lifting Points

A comprehensive risk analysis is mandatory before conducting a lift, whether utilising integrated or attachable lifting points. This analysis should consider the following key aspects regarding lifting points:

• The lifting point or lifting eye should not have any sharp edges.
• The lift point must be suitable for the hooks/shackles/slings being used.
• Wall thicknesses and edge distances must be assessed to ensure the load can be transferred appropriately into the structure.
• The product-specific marking must be provided.

Lifting Point Selection Criteria

Choosing the appropriate lifting point is crucial for ensuring the safety and efficiency of any lifting operation. Here are some key factors to consider during the selection process:

• Mass and Centre of Gravity: The payload's mass and centre of gravity are the primary determinants. Lifting points with a Working Load Limit (WLL) equal to or exceeding the load weight must be selected. Additionally, the centre of gravity will influence the number and placement of lifting points required for balanced lifting.
• Number of Lifting Points and Lifting Configuration: The number of lifting points depends on the number of legs in the lifting sling and the desired lifting configuration (single-leg, multi-leg). The chosen configuration will impact the overall WLL of the lifting system.
• Deduction Factors: External factors like tilt angle and temperature fluctuations can affect the WLL of a lifting point. Deduction factors specific to the anticipated lifting scenario should be considered during selection.
• Lifting Point Type and WLL: Based on the load weight, lifting configuration, and deduction factors, a lifting point with an appropriate WLL and suitable type (boltable, weldable, rigid, swivel) must be chosen.

Verification and Documentation

The selected lifting point should possess a valid test certificate conforming to the relevant standards. This certification verifies that the manufacturer adheres to stringent testing protocols, including proof load application, destructive tensile tests, and crack detection procedures.

Design and Calculation Resources

Providing engineers access to 2D/3D CAD design documents and calculation programs can significantly enhance the lifting point selection process. These resources allow engineers to incorporate lifting points directly into technical drawings while considering factors impacting WLL calculations, such as:

• The number of lifting strands/legs.
• Potential angle variations during the lift.
• The symmetry or asymmetry of the lifted object.

Simplified Lifting Point Inspection with RFID Technology

Regular inspection and maintenance of lifting points are essential for safe operation. RUD offers lifting points equipped with RFID transponders. These transponders contain unique identification numbers that a dedicated reader can scan to transmit data to cloud-based software. This technology simplifies inspection recordkeeping and allows for convenient access to vital lifting point information.

Click here to see the RUD ACP-TURNADO, the world’s first intelligent lifting point with RFID.

Lifting Point Purchasing Checklist

To streamline the selection process, consider this checklist when purchasing lifting points:

• Is the lifting point type specified in the project plan?
• How many lifting points are needed per component?
• What is the required WLL for the lifting point?
• Are there any specific design dimensions to consider?
• What are the anticipated loading directions for the lifting point?
• Are there any necessary approvals or certifications required for the lifting point?

By following these guidelines and utilising available resources, you can ensure the selection of the most suitable lifting points for your specific lifting applications, promoting a safe and efficient operation. RUD Australia has a team of experienced, CPEng-qualified engineers who can assist you in selecting the correct lifting points for your application.

Article copyright to RUD Group. This information is accurate at the time of publication, and RUD Australia takes no responsibility for any errors, inadvertent or otherwise. 

This is a 2 part article.

Lifting points are fundamental elements within any lifting system. They are the crucial connection between lifting equipment (cranes, hoists) and the load itself, facilitating lifting, rotating, and manoeuvring operations. Common lifting point examples include eyebolts, swivel load rings and pad eyes, which connect to lifting chains using hooks, shackles, or other dedicated connectors. Modern lifting points are engineered to ensure safe load handling and to prevent damage throughout the lifting and transportation process.

Integrating Lifting Points at the Design Stage

With over 140 years of experience, RUD recognises that lifting points are often overlooked during the initial design phase. This can lead to complications and potential safety hazards later in the project. Incorporating lifting points should be prioritised from the outset to prevent such issues. This includes considering lifting requirements throughout the product lifecycle, from production and internal transportation to delivery, installation, assembly, and even potential relocation or decommissioning. Implementing lifting points at each stage minimises risk and promotes smooth operation. During the design phase, collaboration between the engineering, production, logistics, and supply chain management teams ensures proper lifting point integration.

Evolution of Lifting Points: From Simple Eye Bolts to Modern Safety Standards

Over time, lifting point design has evolved to comply with changing regulations and safety requirements. Four decades ago, DIN 580 eyebolts were the most prevalent lifting point option. However, a series of accidents in German underground operations, attributed to eyebolt breakage, necessitated stricter standards. These types of incidents regarding the misuse of collared eyebolts led to the development of modern lifting points, offering significantly higher safety margins against breakage in all directions. As a result, collared eyebolts such as DIN 580 and AS 2317.1 eyebolts are no longer the preferred choice for lifting points.

The Role of Lifting Points in Conjunction with Lifting Equipment

Lifting points play a vital role when working with lifting equipment like cranes, crane trucks, and material-handling machinery. Lifting chains that connect the machine to the load rely on these critical components. In Australia, specific standards for lifting (e.g. AS 4991, AS 3775.2, AS 3776) set the requirements for various lifting gear, prioritising operator safety. This focus on safety emphasises the importance of selecting the most suitable lifting gear for each application.

Types of Lifting Points: Boltable vs. Weldable, Rigid vs. Swivel

Lifting points are generally categorised into two primary types: boltable and weldable. Boltable options are the most common due to their versatility, allowing for easy assembly and disassembly as needed. They are available for standard thread sizes, offering maximum flexibility. Conversely, weldable lifting points are permanently affixed to the load. Their primary advantage is eliminating accidental unscrewing or over-tightening during load rotation or turning. Beyond these classifications, lifting points can also be rigid or swivelling. Rigid variants, such as collared eyebolts or pad eyes, lack adjustability in the pulling direction. Swivel lifting points, on the other hand, offer greater flexibility. They are commonly employed in multi-strand lifting applications, as they can automatically align themselves with the lifting force during load handling.

Click for our full range of bolt-on and weld-on lifting points.

Advantages of Lifting Points with Swivel and Rotation Capabilities

Lifting points specifically designed for rotating and turning applications offer additional benefits, translating into increased value. These points often integrate ball bearings, enabling a full Working Load Limit (WLL) under rotation. This makes them ideal for scenarios requiring load manipulation during lifting. The ball bearings significantly reduce sudden and unwanted movements during rotation, a crucial safety feature. Achieving smooth, impact-free rotation under load is only possible with these bearings.

Click here for an example of a ball-bearing lifting point - The RUD VWBG Load Ring.

Understanding Working Load Limit (WLL)

WLL is a critical industry term indicating the working load a lifting point can be subject to. Selecting appropriate lifting points necessitates a thorough understanding of their WLLs. Several factors influence a lifting point's WLL, including its attachment method, positioning, load symmetry, and the number of lift points used.

To be continued ...

Article copyright to RUD Group. This information is accurate at the time of publication, and RUD Australia takes no responsibility for any errors, inadvertent or otherwise.